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myelin

Myelin is a dielectric, electrically insulating material of protein and fat that forms a layer, the myelin sheath, usually around only the axon of a neuron. Its composition is well specified: about forty per cent of myelin is water, and its dry mass is roughly seventy to eighty-five per cent lipids and fifteen to thirty per cent proteins. Among its constituent proteins are myelin basic protein, myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein, and proteolipid protein, while its primary lipid is a glycolipid, galactocerebroside. The intertwining hydrocarbon chains of sphingomyelin serve to strengthen the sheath. That lipid-dominated composition is the basis of its insulating property, since the material surrounds the axon rather than the cell body or dendrites.

A dielectric (electrically insulating) material consisting of protein and fat that forms a layer, the myelin sheath, usually around only the axon of a neuron. Myelin is about 40 % water; the dry mass of myelin is about 70 - 85 % lipids and about 15 - 30 % proteins. Some of the proteins that make up myelin are myelin basic protein (MBP), myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG), and proteolipid protein (PLP). The primary lipid of myelin is a glycolipid called galactocerebroside (GalC). The intertwining hydrocarbon chains of sphingomyelin serve to strengthen the myelin sheath.

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Type Organ
Système corporel Nerveux
Structure parente anatomical structure
FMA ID 62977

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the myelin?

A dielectric (electrically insulating) material consisting of protein and fat that forms a layer, the myelin sheath, usually around only the axon of a neuron. Myelin is about 40 % water; the dry mass of myelin is about 70 - 85 % lipids and about 15 - 30 % proteins. Some of the proteins that make up

What body system is the myelin part of?

The myelin is part of the Nerveux.

References

  1. Foundational Model of Anatomy — FMA:62977 Reference anatomy ontology (University of Washington)
  2. UBERON — UBERON:0000345 Cross-species anatomy ontology (EMBL-EBI Ontology Lookup Service)

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Educational Disclaimer

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Data sources: Terminologia Anatomica, Foundational Model of Anatomy, Wikidata.