Clavicle

Os claviculae

The clavicle extends horizontally from the sternum to the acromion of the scapula. It is the first bone to ossify (by intramembranous ossification) and the last to complete ossification. The medial two-thirds are convex anteriorly, while the lateral third is concave.

Type Bone
Body System Skeletal
Body Region Shoulder
Latin Name Os claviculae
FMA ID 13321

Function

A slender S-shaped bone that forms the anterior part of the shoulder girdle. Acts as a strut to keep the upper limb away from the trunk, allowing free movement. Transmits forces from the upper limb to the axial skeleton.

Clinical Significance

The clavicle is the most commonly fractured bone, typically at the junction of the middle and lateral thirds. Clavicle fractures can injure the subclavian vessels or brachial plexus. Sternoclavicular joint dislocations are uncommon but potentially dangerous.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the function of the clavicle?
The clavicle (collarbone) serves as the only bony connection between the arm and the axial skeleton. It transmits forces from the upper limb to the trunk, provides attachment for muscles including the deltoid, trapezius, pectoralis major, and sternocleidomastoid, and protects underlying neurovascular structures including the brachial plexus and subclavian vessels.
Where is the clavicle located?
The clavicle is a long, S-shaped bone that runs horizontally across the top of the thorax, forming the anterior shoulder girdle. Medially it articulates with the manubrium of the sternum at the sternoclavicular joint, and laterally it articulates with the acromion of the scapula at the acromioclavicular joint. It lies just beneath the skin and is palpable throughout its length.
Is the clavicle commonly fractured?
Yes, the clavicle is one of the most frequently fractured bones in the body, accounting for approximately 5% of all fractures. The most common site of fracture is the middle third (approximately 80% of cases), typically from a fall on an outstretched arm or direct trauma to the shoulder. Most fractures heal conservatively with sling immobilization, though displaced fractures may require surgical fixation.

Related Structures

articular surface articular system joint system articulation joint Atlas (C1) Atlas attachment site axial skeleton plus cranial skeleton skeleton axiale Axis (C2) Axis bone collagen fibril

Medical Disclaimer

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Educational Disclaimer

This content is for educational and informational purposes only. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider for medical decisions.

Data sources: Terminologia Anatomica, Foundational Model of Anatomy, Wikidata.