sympathetic nervous system

pars sympathica divisionis autonomici systematis nervosi

The sympathetic nervous system is one of the two divisions of the vertebrate autonomic nervous system (the other being the parasympathetic nervous system). The sympathetic preganglionic neurons have their cell bodies in the thoracic and lumbar regions of the spinal cord and connect to the paravertebral chain of sympathetic ganglia. Innervate heart and blood vessels, sweat glands, viscera and the adrenal medulla. Most sympathetic neurons, but not all, use noradrenaline as a post-ganglionic neurotransmitter [GO].

유형 Bone
신체 계통 Nervous
라틴어 명칭 pars sympathica divisionis autonomici systematis nervosi
FMA ID 9906

자주 묻는 질문

Where do sympathetic preganglionic neurons originate?
Sympathetic preganglionic neurons have their cell bodies in the intermediolateral cell column of the thoracic (T1-T12) and upper lumbar (L1-L3) spinal cord segments, giving the sympathetic system its thoracolumbar designation.
What is the role of the sympathetic chain ganglia?
The paravertebral sympathetic chain ganglia are two chains of ganglia running alongside the vertebral column. Preganglionic fibers synapse here (or in prevertebral ganglia) with postganglionic neurons that then innervate target organs throughout the body.
What neurotransmitters does the sympathetic nervous system release?
Sympathetic preganglionic neurons release acetylcholine at ganglia (nicotinic receptors). Postganglionic sympathetic neurons primarily release norepinephrine (adrenergic), except for sweat glands (cholinergic) and the adrenal medulla, which releases epinephrine directly into the bloodstream.

관련 구조물

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Data sources: Terminologia Anatomica, Foundational Model of Anatomy, Wikidata.