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Brodmann (1909) area 38

anterior end of the temporal lobe

Brodmann area 38, also BA38 or temporopolar area 38 (H), is part of the temporal cortex in the human brain. BA 38 is at the anterior end of the temporal lobe, known as the temporal pole. BA38 is a subdivision of the cytoarchitecturally defined temporal region of cerebral cortex. It is located primarily in the most rostral portions of the superior temporal gyrus and the middle temporal gyrus. Cytoarchitecturally it is bounded caudally by the inferior temporal area 20, the middle temporal area 21, the superior temporal area 22 and the ectorhinal area 36 (Brodmann-1909). Cytoarchitectonic and chemoarchitectonic studies find that it contains at least seven subareas, one of which, TG, is unique to humans. 'The functional significance of this area TG is not known, but it may bind complex, highly processed perceptual inputs to visceral emotional responses.' This area is among the earliest affected by Alzheimer's disease and the earliest involved at the start of temporal lobe seizures.

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유형 Organ
상위 구조물 Brodmann area
라틴어 명칭 anterior end of the temporal lobe
FMA ID 68635

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Brodmann area 38?

Brodmann area 38 (BA38), also called the temporopolar area, is a region of cortex at the anterior tip (temporal pole) of the temporal lobe. It is located at the most anterior end of the superior and middle temporal gyri.

Where is Brodmann area 38 located?

BA38 is located at the temporal pole—the very anterior end of the temporal lobe. It occupies portions of the superior and middle temporal gyri at their rostral tips, as well as the underlying perirhinal cortex.

What cognitive functions are associated with Brodmann area 38?

BA38 is involved in semantic memory (general knowledge about the world), social cognition (understanding others' mental states), emotional processing, and cross-modal sensory integration. It connects sensory and emotional information with meaning.

What connections does Brodmann area 38 have with other brain regions?

BA38 has reciprocal connections with the amygdala, hippocampus, orbitofrontal cortex, and other temporal lobe regions. These connections support its roles in binding sensory information with emotional valence and semantic content.

What happens when Brodmann area 38 is damaged?

Bilateral damage to BA38, as occurs in semantic dementia (a variant of frontotemporal dementia), results in profound loss of semantic knowledge—patients lose the ability to understand word meanings and recognize objects, faces, and places, while other cognitive functions remain relatively preserved.

References

  1. Foundational Model of Anatomy — FMA:68635 Reference anatomy ontology (University of Washington)
  2. UBERON — UBERON:0006479 Cross-species anatomy ontology (EMBL-EBI Ontology Lookup Service)

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Educational Disclaimer

This content is for educational and informational purposes only. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider for medical decisions.

Data sources: Terminologia Anatomica, Foundational Model of Anatomy, Wikidata.