Rectus abdominis

Musculus rectus abdominis

A long, flat, paired muscle running vertically along the anterior abdominal wall, the rectus abdominis flexes the trunk and compresses the abdominal viscera for forced expiration, defecation, urination, and childbirth, while helping to stabilize the pelvis during walking. Enclosed within the rectus sheath, it originates from the pubic crest and symphysis and inserts on the xiphoid process and the costal cartilages of ribs five to seven; three tendinous intersections cross it, creating the segmented appearance often called a six-pack. Separation of the two muscles at the linea alba, or diastasis recti, is common in pregnancy, and a rectus sheath hematoma results from injury to the epigastric vessels. The muscle also supplies the flap used in TRAM breast reconstruction.

A long, flat, paired muscle running vertically on each side of the anterior abdominal wall. Enclosed in the rectus sheath, it originates from the pubic crest and symphysis and inserts on the xiphoid process and costal cartilages of ribs 5-7. Three tendinous intersections create the appearance of a six-pack.

On this page
Type Muscle
Système corporel Musculaire
Région corporelle Abdomen
Nom latin Musculus rectus abdominis
FMA ID 9628

Fonction

Flexes the trunk (bending forward). Compresses the abdominal viscera for functions including forced expiration, defecation, urination, and childbirth. Stabilizes the pelvis during walking.

Signification clinique

Diastasis recti is separation of the rectus muscles at the linea alba, common in pregnancy. Rectus sheath hematoma results from epigastric vessel injury. The rectus abdominis free flap is used in breast reconstruction (TRAM flap).

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the rectus abdominis?

The rectus abdominis is a paired, long flat muscle running vertically along the anterior abdominal wall on either side of the midline. It is enclosed within the rectus sheath and is responsible for trunk flexion and abdominal compression.

Where is the rectus abdominis located?

The rectus abdominis is located on the anterior abdominal wall, running from the pubic crest and symphysis inferiorly to the xiphoid process and costal cartilages of ribs 5–7 superiorly. It is enclosed in the rectus sheath, flanking the linea alba.

What is the function of the rectus abdominis?

The rectus abdominis flexes the vertebral column, compresses the abdominal contents, and assists in forced expiration and other activities that increase intra-abdominal pressure. It also contributes to stabilizing the pelvis during movement.

What conditions may be associated with the rectus abdominis?

The rectus abdominis may be involved in rectus sheath hematoma, diastasis recti (separation of the two muscle bellies), and abdominal wall hernias. Strains and tears of this muscle are also associated with high-intensity exercise or sudden forceful movements.

What does the rectus abdominis look like?

The rectus abdominis appears as two elongated, strap-like muscles separated by the linea alba. Three tendinous intersections cross each muscle belly, creating the segmented, 'six-pack' appearance visible in lean individuals or on ultrasound imaging.

References

  1. Foundational Model of Anatomy — FMA:9628 Reference anatomy ontology (University of Washington)
  2. Wikipedia — Rectus abdominis Encyclopedia article (verified cross-reference)

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Data sources: Terminologia Anatomica, Foundational Model of Anatomy, Wikidata.