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islet of Langerhans

island of Langerhans

The clusters of hormone-producing cells that are scattered throughout the pancreas.

On this page
Typ Gland
Körpersystem Endocrine
Übergeordnete Struktur cell cluster
Lateinischer Name island of Langerhans
FMA ID 16016

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the main cell types found in the islets of Langerhans?

The islets contain several hormone-secreting cell types: alpha cells (glucagon), beta cells (insulin, the most abundant type), delta cells (somatostatin), PP cells (pancreatic polypeptide), and epsilon cells (ghrelin). Each cell type regulates distinct metabolic functions.

How do islets of Langerhans differ from the exocrine pancreas?

Islets are endocrine structures that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream, comprising about 1-2% of the pancreatic mass. The surrounding exocrine pancreas produces digestive enzymes secreted into the duodenum via ducts.

What happens to islets of Langerhans in type 1 diabetes?

In type 1 diabetes, the immune system attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells within the islets of Langerhans. This autoimmune destruction results in absolute insulin deficiency, requiring lifelong insulin therapy.

References

  1. Foundational Model of Anatomy — FMA:16016 Reference anatomy ontology (University of Washington)
  2. UBERON — UBERON:0000006 Cross-species anatomy ontology (EMBL-EBI Ontology Lookup Service)
  3. Wikipedia — islet of Langerhans Encyclopedia article (verified cross-reference)

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Educational Disclaimer

This content is for educational and informational purposes only. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider for medical decisions.

Data sources: Terminologia Anatomica, Foundational Model of Anatomy, Wikidata.