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dorsal root ganglion

dorsal root ganglia

Sensory ganglia situated on the dorsal spinal roots within the vertebral column, the dorsal root ganglia house the cell bodies of the sensory neurons of each spinal nerve. Those cells are pseudounipolar: a single primary branch leaves the cell body and bifurcates, sending a peripheral process to carry sensory information from the periphery and a central branch that relays the same information to the spinal cord or brain. This arrangement places the sensory cell body outside the central nervous system while its two processes span both peripheral and central territory, so the ganglion is a collection of cell bodies rather than a synaptic relay. Four subordinate structures are recorded beneath this entry.

Sensory ganglia located on the dorsal spinal roots within the vertebral column. The spinal ganglion cells are pseudounipolar. The single primary branch bifurcates sending a peripheral process to carry sensory information from the periphery and a central branch which relays that information to the spinal cord or brain. (MSH) * ganglion found on the posterior root of each spinal nerve, composed of the unipolar nerve cell bodies of the sensory neurons of the nerve. (CSP).

On this page
Typ Bone
Lateinischer Name dorsal root ganglia
FMA ID 5888

Frequently Asked Questions

What type of neurons are found in the dorsal root ganglion?

The dorsal root ganglion (DRG) contains pseudounipolar neurons — cells that develop from bipolar neurons but end up with a single process that splits into two branches. One branch extends peripherally to sensory receptors in skin, muscle, and viscera, while the central branch enters the spinal cord to relay sensory information. This unique morphology allows direct signal transmission without the cell body becoming a synaptic relay station.

What information does the dorsal root ganglion transmit?

DRG neurons transmit all primary somatosensory modalities from the body: pain (nociception), temperature, touch, pressure, vibration, and proprioception (body position sense). Different neuron subtypes within the DRG are specialized for different modalities — for example, small unmyelinated C-fibers carry pain and temperature, while large myelinated A-beta fibers carry touch and vibration.

Why is the dorsal root ganglion clinically important?

The DRG is a key target in pain management because it is accessible and contains the cell bodies of sensory neurons involved in chronic pain. Conditions such as herpes zoster (shingles), where the varicella-zoster virus reactivates in DRG neurons, cause dermatomal pain. Spinal cord stimulation, DRG stimulation, and nerve blocks near the DRG are used to treat chronic regional pain syndromes.

References

  1. Foundational Model of Anatomy — FMA:5888 Reference anatomy ontology (University of Washington)
  2. UBERON — UBERON:0000044 Cross-species anatomy ontology (EMBL-EBI Ontology Lookup Service)
  3. Wikipedia — dorsal root ganglion Encyclopedia article (verified cross-reference)

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Data sources: Terminologia Anatomica, Foundational Model of Anatomy, Wikidata.