Axis (C2) vs Gluteus maximus
| Property | Axis (C2) | Gluteus maximus |
|---|---|---|
| Latin Name | Axis | Musculus gluteus maximus |
| Type | Bone | Muscle |
| Body System | Skeletal | Muscular |
| Body Region | Spine | Hip |
| Function | The second cervical vertebra that provides a pivot point for rotation of the head. The dens (odontoid process) projects superiorly and acts as the axis around which the atlas rotates. | The largest and most powerful muscle in the body. Primary extensor and lateral rotator of the hip. Essential for standing from a seated position, climbing stairs, running, and maintaining upright … |
| Clinical Significance | Odontoid fractures are common cervical spine injuries, especially in elderly patients. Hangman's fracture involves bilateral pars interarticularis fractures of C2. Atlantoaxial instability occurs in rheumatoid arthritis and Down syndrome. | Gluteus maximus weakness (Trendelenburg gait) results from inferior gluteal nerve injury. Gluteal muscle atrophy occurs with prolonged immobility. The muscle is used in myocutaneous flap surgery for pressure ulcer coverage. |
| FMA ID | 12520 | 22314 |
Full structure pages
Axis (C2)
Axis
The second cervical vertebra, the axis provides the pivot around which the head rotates. Its defining feature is the dens, or odontoid process, a tooth-like projection that extends superiorly from the body to articulate with …
Gluteus maximus
Musculus gluteus maximus
The largest and most powerful muscle in the body, the gluteus maximus forms the prominence of the buttock and serves as the primary extensor and lateral rotator of the hip. It is essential to rising …