posterior superior alveolar nerve

posterior superior alveolar branches

The posterior superior alveolar branches (posterior superior dental branches) arise from the trunk of the maxillary nerve just before it enters the infraorbital groove; they are generally two in number, but sometimes arise by a single trunk. They descend on the tuberosity of the maxilla and give off several twigs to the gums and neighboring parts of the mucous membrane of the cheek. They then enter the posterior alveolar canals on the infratemporal surface of the maxilla, and, passing from behind forward in the substance of the bone, communicate with the middle superior alveolar nerve, and give off branches to the lining membrane of the maxillary sinus and gingival and dental branches to each molar tooth from a superior dental plexus; these branches enter the apical foramina at the roots of the teeth. The posterior superior alveolar nerve innervates the second and third maxillary molars, and two of the three roots of the maxillary first molar (all but the mesiobuccal root). When giving a Posterior Superior Alveolar nerve block, it will anesthetize the mesialbuccal root of the maxillary first molar approximately 72% of the time.

类型 Bone
拉丁名称 posterior superior alveolar branches
FMA ID 52931

常见问题

What is the posterior superior alveolar nerve?
The posterior superior alveolar nerve (PSAN) is a branch of the maxillary nerve (V2, the second division of the trigeminal nerve). It innervates the upper molar teeth and adjacent buccal gingiva.
What does the posterior superior alveolar nerve innervate?
The PSAN provides sensory innervation to the upper molar teeth (typically the second and third molars, and the distobuccal and palatal roots of the first molar), as well as the buccal gingiva and mucous membrane of the upper molar region.
How many branches does the posterior superior alveolar nerve typically form?
The PSAN generally divides into two branches after leaving the maxillary nerve in the pterygopalatine fossa, which descend through the posterior surface of the maxilla via small foramina into the alveolar canals.
Where is the posterior superior alveolar nerve blocked in dental anesthesia?
The PSAN block is performed by injecting anesthetic near the posterior surface (tuberosity) of the maxilla, targeting the nerve as it enters the posterior alveolar foramina, to anesthetize the upper molars for dental procedures.
How does the PSAN relate to the middle superior alveolar nerve?
The posterior superior alveolar nerve supplies the upper molars, the middle superior alveolar nerve (when present) supplies the premolars and mesiobuccal root of the first molar, and the anterior superior alveolar nerve supplies the incisors and canines—together innervating all upper teeth.

相关结构

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Data sources: Terminologia Anatomica, Foundational Model of Anatomy, Wikidata.